Kotlin is a modern programming language that runs on the Java Virtual Machine. Kotlin is known for being a concise, safe, and interoperable language that combines the best of both object-oriented and functional programming paradigms.
XML is a markup language that is commonly used for storing and transmitting data. XML is both human- and machine-readable, making it a popular format for data exchange.
In this article, we will look at how to parse and generate XML data in Kotlin. We will learn about some of the most commonly used XML libraries for Kotlin, and we will see some examples of how to use them.
There are many XML libraries available for Kotlin. In this section, we will look at some of the most popular ones.
JUnit 5 is a popular testing framework for Java. It also has good support for Kotlin. JUnit 5 comes with a set of built-in annotations that can be used for testing XML data. These annotations are:
To use JUnit 5 for testing XML data, we need to add the following dependency to our build.gradle file:
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
...
testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.3.1")
testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.3.1")
...
}
We can then write a simple test like this:
@Test
@DisplayName("Test XML data")
@Tag("xml")
@Disabled
fun testXmlData() {
// TODO: write test
}
In the test above, we are using the @Test, @DisplayName, @Tag, and @Disabled annotations. The @Test annotation is used to mark a method as a test method. The @DisplayName annotation is used to specify a custom name for the test. The @Tag annotation is used to specify a tag for the test. The @Disabled annotation is used to disable the test.
We can then write our XML parsing code in the test method. For example, we can use the following code to parse XML data:
@Test
@DisplayName("Test XML data")
@Tag("xml")
@Disabled
fun testXmlData() {
// Parse XML data
val xmlString = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><root><element1>value1</element1></root>"
val xmlDoc = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().parse(xmlString)
// TODO: write assertions
}
In the code above, we are using the DocumentBuilderFactory class to create a new XML document builder. We are then using the parse() method to parse the XML string.
We can then write our assertions. For example, we can use the following code to assert that the XML document has an element with the name "element1":
@Test
@DisplayName("Test XML data")
@Tag("xml")
@Disabled
fun testXmlData() {
// Parse XML data
val xmlString = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><root><element1>value1</element1></root>"
val xmlDoc = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().parse(xmlString)
// Assert that the XML document has an element with the name "element1"
val element1 = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("element1").item(0)
assertNotNull(element1)
}
In the code above, we are using the getElementsByTagName() method to get the element with the name "element1". We are then using the assertNotNull() method to assert that the element is not null.
We can also use the following code to assert that the element has the value "value1":
@Test
@DisplayName("Test XML data")
@Tag("xml")
@Disabled
fun testXmlData() {
// Parse XML data
val xmlString = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><root><element1>value1</element1></root>"
val xmlDoc = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().parse(xmlString)
// Assert that the element has the value "value1"
val element1 = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("element1").item(0)
val value1 = element1.textContent
assertEquals("value1", value1)
}
In the code above, we are using the textContent property to get the value of the element. We are then using the assertEquals() method to assert that the value is equal to "value1".
We can also use the following code to generate XML data:
@Test
@DisplayName("Test XML data")
@Tag("xml")
@Disabled
fun testXmlData() {
// Generate XML data
val xmlString = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><root><element1>value1</element1></root>"
val xmlDoc = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().newDocument()
val root = xmlDoc.createElement("root")
val element1 = xmlDoc.createElement("element1")
element1.textContent = "value1"
root.appendChild(element1)
xmlDoc.appendChild(root)
// TODO: write assertions
}
In the code above, we are using the createElement() method to create new elements. We are then using the textContent property to set the value of the element. We are then using the appendChild() method to add the element to the document.
We can then write our assertions. For example, we can use the following code to assert that the XML document has an element with the name "element1":
@Test
@DisplayName("Test XML data")
@Tag("xml")
@Disabled
fun testXmlData() {
// Generate XML data
val xmlString = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><root><element1>value1</element1></root>"
val xmlDoc = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().newDocument()
val root = xmlDoc.createElement("root")
val element1 = xmlDoc.createElement("element1")
element1.textContent = "value1"
root.appendChild(element1)
xmlDoc.appendChild(root)
// Assert that the XML document has an element with the name "element1"
val element1 = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("element1").item(0)
assertNotNull(element1)
}
In the code above, we are using the getElementsByTagName() method to get the element with the name "element1". We are then using the assertNotNull() method to assert that the element is not null.
We can also use the following code to assert that the element has the value "value1":
@Test
@DisplayName("Test XML data")
@Tag("xml")
@Disabled
fun testXmlData() {
// Generate XML data
val xmlString = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><root><element1>value1</element1></root>"
val xmlDoc = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().newDocument()
val root = xmlDoc.createElement("root")
val element1 = xmlDoc.createElement("element1")
element1.textContent = "value1"
root.appendChild(element1)
xmlDoc.appendChild(root)
// Assert that the element has the value "value1"
val element1 = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("element1").item(0)
val value1 = element1.textContent
assertEquals("value1", value1)
}
In the code above, we are using the textContent property to get the value of the element. We are then using the assertEquals() method to assert that the value is equal to "value1".
We can also use the following code to generate XML data:
@Test
@DisplayName("Test XML data")
@Tag("xml")
@Disabled
fun testXmlData() {
// Generate XML data
val xmlString = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><root><element1>value1</element1></root>"
val xmlDoc = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().newDocument()
val root = xmlDoc.createElement("root")
val element1 = xmlDoc.createElement("element1")
element1.textContent = "value1"
root.appendChild(element1)
xmlDoc.appendChild(root)
// Assert that the XML document has an element with the name "element1"
val element1 = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("element1").item(0)
assertNotNull(element1)
}
In the code above, we are using the getElementsByTagName() method to get the element with the name "element1". We are then using the assertNotNull() method to assert that the element is not null.
We can also use the following code to assert that the element has the value "value1":
@Test
@DisplayName("Test XML data")
@Tag("xml")
@Disabled
fun testXmlData() {
// Generate XML data
val xmlString = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><root><element1>value1</element1></root>"
val xmlDoc = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().newDocument()
val root = xmlDoc.createElement("root")
val element1 = xmlDoc.createElement("element1")
element1.textContent = "value1"
root.appendChild(element1)
xmlDoc.appendChild(root)
// Assert that the element has the value "value1"
val element1 = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("element1").item(0)
val value1 = element1.textContent
assertEquals("value1", value1)
}
In the code above, we are using the textContent property to get the value of the element. We are then using the assertEquals() method to assert that the value is equal to "value1".